Localization theorems for algebraic stacks
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Abstract: In this paper we consider three types of localization theorems for algebraic stacks: i) Concentration, or cohomological localization. Given an algebraic group acting on a scheme or stack, we give a sufficient criterion for its localized equivariant Borel-Moore homology to be concentrated in a given closed substack. We deduce this from a new kind of stacky concentration theorem. ii) Atiyah-Bott localization, or localization of (virtual) fundamental classes to fixed loci of torus actions. In particular, this gives a conceptual new proof of the Graber-Pandharipande formula without global embedding or global resolution hypotheses. iii) Cosection localization, or localization of virtual fundamental classes to degeneracy loci of cosections (of the "obstruction sheaf"). We recast this in terms of a notion of "cohomological reductions" of (-1)-shifted 1-forms on derived stacks. These results also apply to oriented Borel-Moore homology theories, such as (higher) Chow homology and algebraic bordism, and hold over arbitrary fields and even in mixed characteristic. In an appendix, we study various types of fixed loci for algebraic group actions on algebraic stacks.
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