Locally compact models for approximate rings

DOI10.1007/S00208-023-02655-1MaRDI QIDQ6393378zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Krzysztof Krupiński

Publication date 10 March 2022

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/s00208-023-02655-1

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Model-theoretic algebra (03C60) Applications of model theory (03C98) Arithmetic combinatorics; higher degree uniformity (11B30) Inverse problems of additive number theory, including sumsets (11P70) Applications of logic in associative algebras (16B70) Applications of logic to group theory (20A15) Other generalizations of groups (20N99)

Abstract: By an approximate subring of a ring we mean an additively symmetric subset $X$ such that $XcdotXcup(X+X)$ is covered by finitely many additive translates of $X$. We prove that each approximate subring $X$ of a ring has a locally compact model, i.e. a ring homomorphism $fcolonlangleXangleoS$ for some locally compact ring $S$ such that $f[X]$ is relatively compact in $S$ and there is a neighborhood $U$ of $0$ in $S$ with $f^{-1}[U]subseteq4X+Xcdot4X$ (where $4X:=X+X+X+X$). This $S$ is obtained as the quotient of the ring $langleXangle$ interpreted in a sufficiently saturated model by its type-definable ring connected component. The above theorem can be seen as a general structural result about approximate subrings: every approximate subring $X$ can be recovered up to additive commensurability as the preimage by a locally compact model $fcolonlangleXangleoS$ of any relatively compact neighborhood of $0$ in $S$. It also leads to more precise structural or even classification results. For example, we deduce that every [definable] approximate subring $X$ of a ring of positive characteristic is additively commensurable with a [definable] subring contained in $4X+Xcdot4X$. This implies that for any given $K,LinmathbbN$ there exists $C(K,L)$ such that every $K$-approximate subring $X$ (i.e. $K$ additive translates of $X$ cover $XcdotXcup(X+X)$) of a ring of positive characteristic $leqL$ is additively $C(K,L)$-commensurable with a subring contained in $4X+Xcdot4X$. We also deduce a classification of finite approximate subrings of rings without zero divisors: for every $KinmathbbN$ there exists $N(K)inmathbbN$ such that for every finite $K$-approximate subring $X$ of a ring without zero divisors either $|X|<N(K)$ or $4X+Xcdot4X$ is a subring which is additively $K^{11}$-commensurable with $X$.

Cited in

(1)

• Rough approximate subgroups

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