Log-concavity of level Hilbert functions and pure O-sequences

DOI10.1216/JCA.2024.16.245MaRDI QIDQ6414246zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Fabrizio Zanello

Publication date 17 October 2022

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1216/JCA.2024.16.245

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Combinatorial aspects of commutative algebra (05E40) Hilbert-Samuel and Hilbert-Kunz functions; Poincaré series (13D40) Commutative Artinian rings and modules, finite-dimensional algebras (13E10) Special types (Cohen-Macaulay, Gorenstein, Buchsbaum, etc.) (13H10)

Abstract: We investigate log-concavity in the context of level Hilbert functions and pure $O$-sequences, two classes of numerical sequences introduced by Stanley in the late Seventies whose structural properties have since been the object of a remarkable amount of interest in combinatorial commutative algebra. However, a systematic study of the log-concavity of these sequences began only recently, thanks to a paper by Iarrobino. The goal of this note is to address two general questions left open by Iarrobino's work: 1) Given the integer pair $(r,t)$, are all level Hilbert functions of codimension $r$ and type $t$ log-concave? 2) How about pure $O$-sequences with the same parameters? Iarrobino's main results consisted of a positive answer to 1) for $r=2$ and any $t$, and for $(r,t)=(3,1)$. Further, he proved that the answer to 1) is negative for $(r,t)=(4,1)$. Our chief contribution to 1) is to provide a negative answer in all remaining cases, with the exception of $(r,t)=(3,2)$, which is still open in any characteristic. We then propose a few detailed conjectures specifically on level Hilbert functions of codimension 3 and type 2. As for question 2), we show that the answer is positive for all pairs $(r,1)$; negative for $(r,t)=(3,4)$; and negative for any pair $(r,t)$ with $rge4$ and $2letler+1$. Interestingly, the main case that remains open is again $(r,t)=(3,2)$. Further, we conjecture that, in analogy with the behavior of arbitrary level Hilbert functions, log-concavity fails for pure $O$-sequences of any codimension $rge3$ and type $t$ large enough.

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(2)

• Log-concave Gorenstein sequences
• The strong Lefschetz property for quadratic reverse lexicographic ideals

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