Low temperature behavior of nonequilibrium multilevel systems

DOI10.1088/1751-8113/47/3/035002MaRDI QIDQ5402215zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Christian Maes, Winny O'Kelly de Galway, Karel Netočný

Publication date 6 March 2014

Published in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1309.6184

zbMATH Keywords

low temperaturenonequilibrium steady state

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Processes in random environments (60K37) Irreversible thermodynamics, including Onsager-Machlup theory (82C35)

Abstract: We give a low temperature formula for the stationary occupations in Markovian systems away from detailed balance. Two applications are discussed, one to determine the direction of the ratchet current and one on population inversion. Both can take advantage of low temperature to improve the gain and typical nonequilibrium features. The new formula brings to the foreground the importance of kinetic aspects in terms of reactivities for deciding the levels with highest occupation and thus gives a detailed quantitative meaning to Landauer's blowtorch theorem at low temperature.

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