Maxwell's equations

set of four coupled partial differential equations describing how electric and magnetic fields are generated and altered by each other and by charges and currents

mathematical model

MaRDI QIDQ6675320FDOCommunityMathModDBWikidataQ51501ScholiaQ51501

Named after

James Clerk Maxwell

Description

Given the charge density ρ(r, t) and the current density j(r, t), Maxwell's equations yield the electric and magnetic fields, E(r, t) and B(r, t). These equations are the simplest representative of a more general class of models, also referred as Maxwell's equations, where ρ(r, t) and j(r, t) should be found from certain additional relations, e.g., from the Ohm's law.

Together with the Lorentz force law, Maxwell's equations form the foundation of classical electromagnetism and optics. The equations provide a mathematical model for electric, optical, and radio technologies.

Contained entities

Ampère's circuital law	$\mathrm{\nabla }\times 𝐁={\mu }_0(𝐉+{ϵ}_0\frac{\partial 𝐄}{\partial t})$
	$B$ represents magnetic field
	$E$ represents electric field
	$J$ represents electric current density
	${ϵ}_0$ represents permittivity of vacuum
	${\mu }_0$ represents magnetic constant
	$t$ represents time
Gauss's law	$\mathrm{\nabla }\cdot E=\frac{\rho }{{ϵ}_0}$
	$E$ represents electric field
	${ϵ}_0$ represents permittivity of vacuum
	$\rho$ represents electric charge density
Faraday's law of induction	$\mathrm{\nabla }\times 𝐄=-\frac{\partial 𝐁}{\partial t}$
	$B$ represents magnetic field
	$E$ represents electric field
	$t$ represents time
Gauss's law for magnetism	$\mathrm{\nabla }\cdot B=0$
	$B$ represents magnetic field

Computational tasks

far field radiation, near field radiation

Assumptions

nonrelativistic approximation

References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell%27s_equations

VIII. A dynamical theory of the electromagnetic field

Specializations

multipole expansion

Further links

Item	Property
electromagnetic field	modelled by

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