Modular relations involving generalized digamma functions

MaRDI QIDQ6440764zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Atul Dixit, Sumukha Sathyanarayana, N. Guru Sharan

Publication date 19 June 2023

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Hurwitz and Lerch zeta functions (11M35) Toeplitz, Cauchy, and related matrices (15B05) Gamma, beta and polygamma functions (33B15) Asymptotic approximations, asymptotic expansions (steepest descent, etc.) (41A60)

Abstract: Generalized digamma functions $ps{i}_k(x)$, studied by Ramanujan, Deninger, Dilcher, Kanemitsu, Ishibashi etc., appear as the Laurent series coefficients of the zeta function associated to an indefinite quadratic form. In this paper, a modular relation of the form $F_k(alpha)=F_k(1/alpha)$ containing infinite series of $ps{i}_k(x)$, or, equivalently, between the generalized Stieltjes constants $gamm{a}_k(x)$, is obtained for any $kinmathbbN$. When $k=0$, it reduces to a famous transformation given on page $220$ of Ramanujan's Lost Notebook. For $k=1$, an integral containing Riemann's $Xi$-function, and corresponding to the aforementioned modular relation, is also obtained along with its asymptotic expansions as $alphao0$ and $alphaoinfty$. Carlitz-type and Guinand-type finite modular relations involving $ps{i}_j^{(m)}(x),0leqjleqk,minmathbbNcup0,$ are also derived, thereby extending previous results on the digamma function $psi(x)$. The extension of Guinand's result for $ps{i}_j^{(m)}(x),mgeq2,$ involves an interesting combinatorial sum $h(r)$ over integer partitions of $2r$ into exactly $r$ parts. This sum plays a crucial role in an inversion formula needed for this extension. This formula has connection with the inversion formula for the inverse of a triangular Toeplitz matrix. The modular relation for $ps{i_j}^{\prime }(x)$ is subtle and requires delicate analysis.

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