Monotonicity of spatial critical points evolving under curvature-driven flows

DOI10.1007/S00332-014-9228-3MaRDI QIDQ2344107zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Gábor Domokos

Publication date 12 May 2015

Published in Journal of Nonlinear Science (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1308.4779

zbMATH Keywords

collisional abrasiongeneric saddle-node bifurcationsnumber of static equilibrium pointsprincipal curvatures

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Critical points of functionals in context of PDEs (e.g., energy functionals) (35B38) Applications of global differential geometry to the sciences (53C80) Applications of PDEs on manifolds (58J90)

Abstract: We describe the variation of the number $N(t)$ of spatial critical points of smooth curves (defined as a scalar distance $r$ from a fixed origin $O$) evolving under curvature-driven flows. In the latter, the speed $v$ in the direction of the surface normal may only depend on the curvature $kappa$. Under the assumption that only generic saddle-node bifurcations occur, we show that $N(t)$ will decrease if the partial derivative $v_{kappa}$ is positive and increase if it is negative (Theorem 1). Justification for the genericity assumption is provided in Section 5. For surfaces embedded in 3D, the normal speed $v$ under curvature-driven flows may only depend on the principal curvatures $kappa,lambda$. Here we prove the weaker (stochastic) Theorem 2 under the additional assumption that third-order partial derivatives can be approximated by random variables with zero expected value and covariance. Theorem 2 is a generalization of a result by Kuijper and Florack for the heat equation. We formulate a Conjecture for the case when the reference point coincides with the centre of gravity and we motivate the Conjecture by intermediate results and an example. Since models for collisional abrasion are governed by partial differential equations with $v_{kappa},v_{lambda}>0$, our results suggest that the decrease of the number of static equilibrium points is characteristic of some natural processes.

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Cited in

(5)

• The evolution of geological shape descriptors under distance-driven flows
• Tracking the critical points of curves evolving under planar curvature flows
• THE ISOPERIMETRIC QUOTIENT OF A CONVEX BODY DECREASES MONOTONICALLY UNDER THE EIKONAL ABRASION MODEL
• Tracking critical points on evolving curves and surfaces
• A genealogy of convex solids via local and global bifurcations of gradient vector fields

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