Most plane curves over finite fields are not blocking

DOI10.1016/J.JCTA.2024.105871MaRDI QIDQ6201503zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Shamil Asgarli, Dragos Ghioca, Chi Hoi Yip

Publication date 21 February 2024

Published in Journal of Combinatorial Theory. Series A (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.08523

zbMATH Keywords

arithmetic statisticsblocking setsfinite fieldplane curvesprobabilistic enumerative geometry

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Plane and space curves (14H50) Blocking sets, ovals, (k)-arcs (51E21) Algebraic statistics (62R01)

Abstract: A plane curve $Csubsetmathbb{P}^2$ of degree $d$ is called emph{blocking} if every $mathbb{F}_q$-line in the plane meets $C$ at some $mathbb{F}_q$-point. We prove that the proportion of blocking curves is $o(1)$ when $dgeq2q-1$ and $qoinfty$. We also show that the same conclusion holds for smooth curves under the somewhat weaker condition $dgeq3p$ and $d,qoinfty$. Moreover, the two events in which a random plane curve is smooth and is blocking, respectively, are shown to be asymptotically independent. Extending a classical result on the number of $mathbb{F}_q$-roots of random polynomials, we find that the limiting distribution of the number of $mathbb{F}_q$-points in the intersection of a random plane curve and a fixed $mathbb{F}_q$-line is Poisson with mean $1$. We also present an explicit formula for the proportion of blocking curves involving statistics on the number of $mathbb{F}_q$-points contained in a union of $k$ lines for $k=1,2,ldots,q^2+q+1$.

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Cited in

(3)

• Plane curves giving rise to blocking sets over finite fields
• Frobenius nonclassical hypersurfaces
• Proportion of blocking curves in a pencil

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• SageMath

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