Multiple Scale Asymptotics of Map Enumeration
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Asymptotic enumeration (05A16) Enumeration in graph theory (05C30) Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.) (33C45) Combinatorial dynamics (types of periodic orbits) (37E15) Dynamical systems involving homeomorphisms and diffeomorphisms of planes and surfaces (37E30) Integrable difference and lattice equations; integrability tests (39A36) Asymptotic approximations, asymptotic expansions (steepest descent, etc.) (41A60)
Abstract: We introduce a systematic approach to express generating functions for the enumeration of maps on surfaces of high genus in terms of a single generating function relevant to planar surfaces. Central to this work is the comparison of two asymptotic expansions obtained from two different fields of mathematics: the Riemann-Hilbert analysis of orthogonal polynomials and the theory of discrete dynamical systems. By equating the coefficients of these expansions in a common region of uniform validity in their parameters, we recover known results and provide new expressions for generating functions associated with graphical enumeration on surfaces of genera 0 through 7. Although the body of the article focuses on 4-valent maps, the methodology presented here extends to regular maps of arbitrary even valence and to some cases of odd valence, as detailed in the appendices.
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