Natural numerosities of sets of tuples

DOI10.1090/S0002-9947-2014-06136-9MaRDI QIDQ5496584zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Marco Forti, Giuseppe Morana Roccasalvo

Publication date 2 February 2015

Published in Transactions of the American Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.3951

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Ultraproducts and related constructions (03C20) Consistency and independence results (03E35) Other set-theoretic hypotheses and axioms (03E65) Nonstandard models in mathematics (03H05)

Abstract: We consider a notion of "numerosity" for sets of tuples of natural numbers, that satisfies the five common notions of Euclid's Elements, so it can agree with cardinality only for finite sets. By suitably axiomatizing such a notion, we show that, contrasting to cardinal arithmetic, the natural "Cantorian" definitions of order relation and arithmetical operations provide a very good algebraic structure. In fact, numerosities can be taken as the non-negative part of a discretely ordered ring, namely the quotient of a formal power series ring modulo a suitable ("gauge") ideal. In particular, special numerosities, called "natural", can be identified with the semiring of hypernatural numbers of appropriate ultrapowers of N.

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Cited in

(9)

• An Aristotelian notion of size
• Existence of some sparse sets of nonstandard natural numbers
• Elementary numerosity and measures
• ON THE DEFINITION OF ORDERED n‐TUPLES
• Magnums: counting sets with surreals
• Sets of natural numbers with proscribed subsets
• EUCLIDEAN NUMBERS AND NUMEROSITIES
• Extended natural numbers and counters
• Recursive-combinatorial properties of subsets of the natural numbers

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