Non-Boolean quantum amplitude amplification and quantum mean estimation
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Abstract: This paper generalizes the quantum amplitude amplification and amplitude estimation algorithms to work with non-boolean oracles. The action of a non-boolean oracle on an eigenstate is to apply a state-dependent phase-shift . Unlike boolean oracles, the eigenvalues of a non-boolean oracle are not restricted to be . Two new oracular algorithms based on such non-boolean oracles are introduced. The first is the non-boolean amplitude amplification algorithm, which preferentially amplifies the amplitudes of the eigenstates based on the value of . Starting from a given initial superposition state , the basis states with lower values of are amplified at the expense of the basis states with higher values of . The second algorithm is the quantum mean estimation algorithm, which uses quantum phase estimation to estimate the expectation , i.e., the expected value of for a random sampled by making a measurement on . It is shown that the quantum mean estimation algorithm offers a quadratic speedup over the corresponding classical algorithm. Both algorithms are demonstrated using simulations for a toy example. Potential applications of the algorithms are briefly discussed.
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