Nonlinear differential identities for cnoidal waves

DOI10.1002/MANA.201300233MaRDI QIDQ5175860zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Michael Leitner, Alice Mikikits-Leitner

Publication date 25 February 2015

Published in Mathematische Nachrichten (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1308.0920

zbMATH Keywords

cnoidal wavesKawahara equationKorteweg-de Vries equationnonlinear wave equationsperiodic solutions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Periodic solutions to PDEs (35B10) KdV equations (Korteweg-de Vries equations) (35Q53)

Abstract: This article presents a family of nonlinear differential identities for the spatially periodic function $u_s(x)$, which is essentially the Jacobian elliptic function $c{n}^2(z;m(s))$ with one non-trivial parameter $s$. More precisely, we show that this function $u_s$ fulfills equations of the form {equation*} �ig(u_s^{(alpha)}u_s^{(�eta)}�ig)(x)=sum_{n=0}^{2+alpha+�eta}b_{alpha,�eta}(n)u_s^{(n)}(x)+c_{alpha,�eta}, {equation*} for any $s>0$ and for all $$. We give explicit expressions for the coefficients $$ and $$ for given $s$. Moreover, we show that for any $s$ satisfying $sinh(pi/(2s))geq1$ the set of functions $$ constitutes a basis for $L^2(0,2pi)$. By virtue of our formulas the problem of finding a periodic solution to any nonlinear wave equation reduces to a problem in the coefficients. A finite ansatz exactly solves the KdV equation (giving the well-known cnoidal wave solution) and the Kawahara equation. An infinite ansatz is expected to be especially efficient if the equation to be solved can be considered a perturbation of the KdV equation.

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