Nonmonotonicity and the scope of reasoning
The authors begin by reviewing several apparent incongruities that have been noticed when applying to specific examples the various formalisms of nonmonotonic reasoning, notably circumscription, Reiter default logic and its variants, and autoepistemic logic. They suggest that the incongruities arise when the information at our disposal entails that there are abnormal items, whose presence tends to distort the results obtained by minimizing abnormality. The appropriate remedy, they suggest, is to regard each inference as a response to a specific problem, and restrict the scope of the data to cover only the area of that problem, within which the existence of abnormal items will rarely be entailed. In their view, ``reasoning about whole populations is more properly the domain of probability theory than of nonmonotonic logics, which seem better suited to reasoning about small numbers of cases. With this as motivation, the authors suggest ways of integrating scope restrictions into existing formalisms, and study formal properties of the resulting ``scoped systems.
- A logic for default reasoning
- A logic to reason about likelihood
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- Equality and Domain Closure in First-Order Databases
- Formalizing nonmonotonic reasoning systems
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- Nonmonotonic Logic II
- On the relation between default and autoepistemic logic
- On the satisfiability of circumscription
- Semantical considerations on nonmonotonic logic
- Subjective probability: Criticisms, reflections, and problems
- A general scheme for formalizing defaults using the predicate \(ab(I,S)\)
- Justification and defeat
- Disjunctive logic and semantics of disjunctive logic programs
- Brave nonmonotonic inference and its kinds
- Dynamic reasoning with qualified syllogisms
- Nonmonotonic reasoning, conditional objects and possibility theory
- Inference on the low level. An investigation into deduction, nonmonotonic reasoning, and the philosophy of cognition
- History of circumscription
- From statistical knowledge bases to degrees of belief
- Litotes and downward monotonicity
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4068836 (Why is no real title available?)
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- Abnormality and randomness
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1487805 (Why is no real title available?)
- Modal logic for modelling actions and agents
- Inductive learning and defeasible inference
- Plausible reasoning: a first-order approach
- The Non Cooperative Basis of Implicatures
- A non-probabilist principle of higher-order reasoning
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