On a problem of Pichorides

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Abstract: Let S(Lambda) denote the classical Littlewood-Paley square function formed with respect to a lacunary sequence Lambda of positive integers. Motivated by a remark of Pichorides, we obtain sharp asymptotic estimates of the behaviour of the operator norm of S(Lambda) from the analytic Hardy space HAp(mathbbT) to Lp(mathbbT) and of the behaviour of the Lp(mathbbT)ightarrowLp(mathbbT) operator norm of S(Lambda) (1<p<2) in terms of the ratio of the lacunary sequence Lambda. Namely, if hoLambda denotes the ratio of Lambda, then we prove that sup_{substack{ | f |_{L^p (mathbb{T})} = 1 \ f in H^p_A (mathbb{T}) } } �ig| S^{(Lambda)} (f) �ig|_{L^p (mathbb{T})} lesssim frac{1}{p-1} ( ho_{Lambda} - 1 )^{-1/2} quad (1<p<2) and �ig| S^{(Lambda)} �ig|_{L^p (mathbb{T}) ightarrow L^p (mathbb{T})} lesssim frac{1}{(p-1)^{3/2}} ( ho_{Lambda} - 1 )^{-1/2} quad (1<p<2) and that the exponents r=1/2 in (hoLambda1)1/2 cannot be improved in general. Variants in higher dimensions and in the Euclidean setting are also obtained.



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