On a theorem of Avez

Abstract: For each symmetric, aperiodic probability measure

m u

on a finitely generated group

G

, we define a subset

A_{m u}

consisting of group elements

g

for which the limit of the ratio

m u^{a s t n} (g) / m u^{a s t n} (e)

tends to

1

. We prove that

A_{m} u

is a subgroup, is amenable, contains every finite normal subgroup, and

G = A_{m} u

if and only if

G

is amenable. For non-amenable groups we show that

A_{m} u

is not always a normal subgroup, and can depend on the measure. We formulate some conjectures relating

A_{m} u

to the amenable radical.

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