On paratopological groups

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Abstract: In this paper, we firstly construct a Hausdorff non-submetrizable paratopological group G in which every point is a Gdelta-set, which gives a negative answer to Arhangel'skiv{i} and Tkachenko's question [Topological Groups and Related Structures, Atlantis Press and World Sci., 2008]. We prove that each first-countable Abelian paratopological group is submetrizable. Moreover, we discuss developable paratopological groups and construct a non-metrizable, Moore paratopological group. Further, we prove that a regular, countable, locally komega-paratopological group is a discrete topological group or contains a closed copy of Somega. Finally, we discuss some properties on non-H-closed paratopological groups, and show that Sorgenfrey line is not H-closed, which gives a negative answer to Arhangel'skiv{i} and Tkachenko's question [Topological Groups and Related Structures, Atlantis Press and World Sci., 2008]. Some questions are posed.


A paratopological group is a group \(G\) with a topology such that the product map \(G\times G\to G\) is jointly continuous. Every paratopological group such that the inverse operation is continuous is a topological group. The authors investigate topological properties of paratopological groups and solve some open problems from the literature. In particular, they construct a Hausdorff non-submetrizable paratopological group in which every point is a \(G_\delta\)-set, and prove that the Sorgenfrey line is H-closed, both of which answer questions by \textit{A. V. Arhangel'skiĭ} and \textit{M. Tkachenko} in [Topological groups and related structures. Atlantis Studies in Mathematics 1. Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific; Paris: Atlantis Press (2008; Zbl 1323.22001)]. They also prove several positive results, for example, every first countable Abelian paratopological group is submetrizable, and a regular, countable, locally \(k_{\omega}\)-paratopological group is either a discrete topological group or contains a closed copy of the sequential fan \(S_{\omega}\).




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