On smooth functions with two critical values
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Abstract: We prove that every smooth closed manifold admits a smooth real-valued function with only two critical values. We call a function of this type a emph{Reeb function}. We prove that for a Reeb function we can prescribe the set of minima (or maxima), as soon as this set is a PL subcomplex of the manifold. In analogy with Reeb's Sphere Theorem, we use such functions to study the topology of the underlying manifold. In dimension , we give a characterization of manifolds having a Heegaard splitting of genus in terms of the existence of certain Reeb functions. Similar results are proved in dimension .
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