On the Wilson criterion

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Abstract: U(1) gauge theory with the Villain action on a cubic lattice approximation of three- and four-dimensional torus is considered. The naturally chosen correlation functions converge to the correlation functions of the R-gauge electrodynamics on three- and four-dimensional torus as the lattice spacing approaches zero only for the special scaling. This special scaling depends on a choice of a correlation function system. Another scalings give the degenerate continuum limits. The Wilson criterion for the confinement is ambiguous. The asymptotics of the smeared Wilson loop integral for the large loop perimeters is defined by the density of the loop smearing over a torus which is transversal to the loop plane. When the initial torus radius tends to infinity the correlation functions converge to the correlation functions of the R-gauge Euclidean electrodynamics.


The \(U(1)\)-gauge theory with the Villain action is considered in a cubic lattice approximation of three- and four-dimensional tori. As the lattice spacing tends to zero, the naturally defined correlation functions converge to the correlation functions of the \(\mathbb{R}\)-gauge electrodynamics on three- and four-dimensional tori only for a special scaling, which depends on the correlation functions. Another scaling gives degenerate continuum limits. The Wilson criterion for the confinement of charged particles is fulfilled for the \(\mathbb{R}\)-gauge electrodynamics on a torus. If the radius of the initial torus tends to infinity, then the correlation functions converge to the correlation functions of the \(\mathbb{R}\)-gauge Euclidean electrodynamics.











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