On the control of flying qubits
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Unitary representations of locally compact groups (22D10) PDEs with randomness, stochastic partial differential equations (35R60) General theory of infinite-dimensional dissipative dynamical systems, nonlinear semigroups, evolution equations (37L05) Jump processes on general state spaces (60J76) Quantum information, communication, networks (quantum-theoretic aspects) (81P45) Quantum control (81Q93) Quantum optics (81V80)
Abstract: The control of flying quantum bits (qubits) carried by traveling quantum fields is crucial for coherent information transmission in quantum networks. In this paper, we develop a general framework for modeling the generation, catching and transformation processes of flying qubits. We introduce the quantum stochastic differential equation (QSDE) to describe the flying-qubit input-output relations actuated by a standing quantum system. Under the continuous time-ordered photon-number basis, the infinite-dimensional QSDE is reduced to a low-dimensional deterministic non-unitary differential equation for the state evolution of the standing system, and the outgoing flying-qubit states can be calculated via randomly occurring quantum jumps. This makes it possible, as demonstrated by examples of flying-qubit generation and transformation, to analyze general cases when the number of excitations is not reserved. The proposed framework lays the foundation for the design of flying-qubit control systems from a control theoretic point of view, within which advanced control techniques can be incorporated for practical applications.
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