On the frequency of permutations containing a long cycle.

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Abstract: A general explicit upper bound is obtained for the proportion P(n,m) of elements of order dividing m, where n−1lemlecn for some constant c, in the finite symmetric group Sn. This is used to find lower bounds for the conditional probabilities that an element of Sn or An contains an r-cycle, given that it satisfies an equation of the form xrs=1 where sleq3. For example, the conditional probability that an element x is an n-cycle, given that xn=1, is always greater than 2/7, and is greater than 1/2 if n does not divide 24. Our results improve estimates of these conditional probabilities in earlier work of the authors with Beals, Leedham-Green and Seress, and have applications for analysing black-box recognition algorithms for the finite symmetric and alternating groups.






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