Optimal domains for elliptic eigenvalue problems with rough coefficients
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Abstract: We prove the existence of an open set minimizing the first Dirichlet eigenvalue of an elliptic operator with bounded, measurable coefficients, over all open sets of a given measure. Our proof is based on a free boundary approach: we characterize the eigenfunction on the optimal set as the minimizer of a penalized functional, and derive openness of the optimal set as a consequence of a H"older estimate for the eigenfunction. We also prove that the optimal eigenfunction grows at most linearly from the free boundary, i.e. it is Lipschitz continuous at free boundary points.
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