Oscillations of functional differential equations generated by advanced arguments

Oscillation theory, zeros, disconjugacy and comparison theory for ordinary differential equations (34C10) Functional-differential equations (including equations with delayed, advanced or state-dependent argument) (34K99)

Review text

We consider the functional differential equation \((1)\quad L_ nx(t)+\delta f(t,x[g_ 1(t)],...,x[g_ m(t)])=0,\) where \(n\geq 2\), \(\delta =\pm 1\), \(L_ 0x(t)=x(t)\), \(L_ kx(t)=(1/a_ k(t))(L_{k- 1}x(t))d/dt\), \(k=1,2,...,n\), \(a_ n=1\), \(a_ i: {\mathbb{R}}_+\to {\mathbb{R}}_+\setminus \{0\}\), \(i=1,2,...,n-1\), \(g_ i: {\mathbb{R}}_+\to {\mathbb{R}}_+=[0,\infty)\), \(i=1,2,...,m\), f: \({\mathbb{R}}_+\times {\mathbb{R}}^ m\to {\mathbb{R}}=(-\infty,\infty)\) are continuous and \(g_ i(t)\geq t\) on \({\mathbb{R}}_+\) for \(i=1,2,...,m\). We always assume \(\int^{\infty}a_ i(s)ds=\infty,\quad i=1,2,...,n-1.\) The main purpose of this paper is to establish some criteria for equation (1) to be oscillatory or almost oscillatory. The behavioural properties obtained for equation (1) are generated by the advanced arguments \(g_ i (i=1,2,...,m)\) and are not valid for the corresponding ordinary differential equations.

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