Phase space representation of quantum dynamics

DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2010.02.006MaRDI QIDQ987955zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Anatoli Polkovnikov

Publication date 24 August 2010

Published in Annals of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0905.3384

zbMATH Keywords

Weyl quantizationquantum dynamicscold atomsphase space methods

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Geometry and quantization, symplectic methods (81S10) Phase-space methods including Wigner distributions, etc. applied to problems in quantum mechanics (81S30)

Abstract: We discuss a phase space representation of quantum dynamics of systems with many degrees of freedom. This representation is based on a perturbative expansion in quantum fluctuations around one of the classical limits. We explicitly analyze expansions around three such limits: (i) corpuscular or Newtonian limit in the coordinate-momentum representation, (ii) wave or Gross-Pitaevskii limit for interacting bosons in the coherent state representation, and (iii) Bloch limit for the spin systems. We discuss both the semiclassical (truncated Wigner) approximation and further quantum corrections appearing in the form of either stochastic quantum jumps along the classical trajectories or the nonlinear response to such jumps. We also discuss how quantum jumps naturally emerge in the analysis of non-equal time correlation functions. This representation of quantum dynamics is closely related to the phase space methods based on the Wigner-Weyl quantization and to the Keldysh technique. We show how such concepts as the Wigner function, Weyl symbol, Moyal product, Bopp operators, and others automatically emerge from the Feynmann's path integral representation of the evolution in the Heisenberg representation. We illustrate the applicability of this expansion with various examples mostly in the context of cold atom systems including sine-Gordon model, one- and two-dimensional Bose Hubbard model, Dicke model and others.

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