Polynomials orthogonal on a circular arc

Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.) (33C45) Orthogonal functions and polynomials, general theory of nontrigonometric harmonic analysis (42C05)

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Let \(\{\pi_ k\}^{\infty}_{k=0}\) be a sequence of monic complex polynomials, orthogonal with respect to the complex inner product \[ (f,g)=\int^{\pi -\phi}_{\pi}f_ 1(\vartheta)g_ 1(\vartheta)w_ 1(\vartheta)d\vartheta, \] where the functions with index one are defined by means of that without index by \[ f_ 1(\vartheta)=f(- iR+e^{i\vartheta}\sqrt{R^ 2+1}),\quad 0<R=\tan \phi,\quad 0<\phi <\pi /2. \] It is proved that these polynomials under suitable integrability conditions on w and assuming the existence of an analytic continuation to the region \[ M_+=\{z\in {\mathbb{C}}:\;| z+iR| <\sqrt{R^ 2+1},\quad Im(z)>0\} \] always exist. A connection between these polynomials and the polynomials orthogonal on (-1,1) with respect to the weight w is derived. This is used to prove a three-term-recurrence relation. Finally some results on the zeros of \(\pi_ k\) in the case of symmetrical weight \(w(z)=w(-z)\) are given.

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