Positive solutions for eigenvalue problems on a measure chain
The authors consider the existence of positive solutions to the following differential equation on a measure chain \[ u^{\Delta\Delta}(t)+\lambda f(t,u(\sigma(t))= 0,\quad 0< t< 1,\tag{1} \] satisfying the boundary value condition \[ \alpha u(0)- \beta u^\Delta(0)= 0,\quad \gamma u(\sigma(1))+\delta u^\Delta(\sigma(1))= 0,\tag{2} \] where \(f\), \(\alpha\), \(\beta\), \(\gamma\) and \(\delta\) satisfying (i) \(f\in C([0,\sigma(1)])\times [0,\infty), [0,\infty))\), (ii) \(\alpha\), \(\beta\), \(\gamma\), \(\delta\) are nonnegative real numbers and \(\gamma\beta+ \alpha\delta+ \alpha\gamma\cdot\sigma(1)> 0\). A measure chain \(T\) is a closed subset of the set \(\mathbb{R}\) of all real numbers \(\sigma(t):= \inf\{\tau\in T:\tau> t\}\) for \(t< \sup T\). Assume that \(x: T\to\mathbb{R}\). Then \(x\) is called differentiable at \(t\in T\) if there exists a \(\theta\in\mathbb{R}\) such that, for any given \(\varepsilon> 0\), there is an open neighborhood \(U\) of \(t\) such that \[ |x(\sigma(t))- x(s)- \theta|\sigma(t)- s||\leq\varepsilon|\sigma(t)- s|\quad\text{for all }s\in U. \] In this case, \(\theta\) is called the \(\Delta\)-derivative of \(x\) at \(t\in T\) and is denoted by \(\theta= x^\Delta(t)\).
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