Posterior-Mean Super-Resolution With a Causal Gaussian Markov Random Field Prior

DOI10.1109/TIP.2012.2189578MaRDI QIDQ5372943zbMATH OpenDBLPWikidataFDO

Authors Takayuki Katsuki, Akira Torii, Masato Inoue

Publication date 27 October 2017

Published in IEEE Transactions on Image Processing (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1109.5453

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Bayesian inference (62F15) Random fields; image analysis (62M40) Image processing (compression, reconstruction, etc.) in information and communication theory (94A08)

Abstract: We propose a Bayesian image super-resolution (SR) method with a causal Gaussian Markov random field (MRF) prior. SR is a technique to estimate a spatially high-resolution image from given multiple low-resolution images. An MRF model with the line process supplies a preferable prior for natural images with edges. We improve the existing image transformation model, the compound MRF model, and its hyperparameter prior model. We also derive the optimal estimator -- not the joint maximum a posteriori (MAP) or marginalized maximum likelihood (ML), but the posterior mean (PM) -- from the objective function of the L2-norm (mean square error) -based peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). Point estimates such as MAP and ML are generally not stable in ill-posed high-dimensional problems because of overfitting, while PM is a stable estimator because all the parameters in the model are evaluated as distributions. The estimator is numerically determined by using variational Bayes. Variational Bayes is a widely used method that approximately determines a complicated posterior distribution, but it is generally hard to use because it needs the conjugate prior. We solve this problem with simple Taylor approximations. Experimental results have shown that the proposed method is more accurate or comparable to existing methods.

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