Properties of Gradient maps associated with Action of Real reductive Group

Abstract: Let

(Z, o m e g a)

be a Keler manifold and let

U

be a compact connected Lie group with Lie algebra

m a t h f r a k u

acting on

Z

and preserving

o m e g a

. We assume that the

U

-action extends holomorphically to an action of the complexified group

U^{m a t h b b C}

and the

U

-action on

Z

is Hamiltonian. Then there exists a

U

-equivariant momentum map

m u : Z o m a t h f r a k u

. If

G s u b s e t U^{m a t h b b C}

is a closed subgroup such that the Cartan decomposition

U^{m a t h b b C} = U e x t e x p (i m a t h f r a k u)

induces a Cartan decomposition

G = K e x t e x p (m a t h f r a k p),

where

K = U c a p G

,

m a t h f r a k p = m a t h f r a k g c a p i m a t h f r a k u

and

m a t h f r a k g = m a t h f r a k k o p l u s m a t h f r a k p

is the Lie algebra of

G

, there is a corresponding gradient map

m u_{m} a t h f r a k p : Z o m a t h f r a k p

. If

X

is a

G

-invariant compact and connected real submanifold of

Z,

we may consider

m u_{m a t h f r a k p}

as a mapping

m u_{m} a t h f r a k p : X o m a t h f r a k p .

Given an

m a t h r m A d (K)

-invariant scalar product on

m a t h f r a k p

, we obtain a Morse like function

f = f r a c 12 p a r a l l e l m u_{m a t h f r a k p} p a r a l l e l^{2}

on

X

. We point out that, without the assumption that

X

is real analytic manifold, the Lojasiewicz gradient inequality holds for

f

. Therefore the limit of the negative gradient flow of

f

exists and it is unique. Moreover, we prove that any

G

-orbit collapses to a single

K

-orbit and two critical points of

f

which are in the same

G

-orbit belong to the same

K

-orbit. We also investigate convexity properties of the gradient map

m u_{m} a t h f r a k p

in the Abelian cases. In particular, we study two orbits variety

X

and we investigate topological and cohomological properties of

X

.

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