Properties of algebras of binary functions
Let \((P,\leq)\) be a set with a reflexive binary relation which is locally finite. The author studies functions \(f: P^2\to K\) where \(K\) is a ringoid, i.e. an algebra \((K,+,\cdot, 0,1)\) such that \((K,+,0)\) is a commutative monoid, \((K-\{0\}, \cdot,1)\) is a commutative group and the distributive law holds. The algebra of binary functions is the set of such functions \(f: P^2\to K\) for which \(f(x,y) =0\) if \(x\nleq y\) with usual addition, scalar multiplication and \({\mathcal M}\)-convolution \((f*g) (x,y)= \sum_{x\leq z\leq y} f(x,z) {\mathcal M} (x,z,y) g(z,y)\), where \({\mathcal M}: P^3\to K\) is some function. A typical result: Let \(\text{As } {\mathcal A}\) be the algebra of associative functions, i.e. functions \(f\) satisfying \(f* (g*h)= (f*g) *h\), \(g* (f*h)= (g*f) *h\), \(g* (h*f)= (g*h) *f\). Then \(\text{As } {\mathcal A}\) is isomorphic with the algebra of binary functions over \((P,\leq_1)\) where \(u\leq_1 v\) iff \(\varepsilon_{u,v} \neq 0\), and \(\varepsilon_{u,v}\) is an associative function; here \(\varepsilon_{u,v} (x,y)= {\mathcal M} (u,u,u )^{-1}\) if \(u\leq v\) and \(x=u\), \(y=v\), \(\varepsilon_{u,v} (x,y) =0\) otherwise. Also, invertible functions are studied, i.e. functions \(f\) such that there exists \(f^{-1}\) with \(f* f^{-1}= f^{-1} *f=e\) where \(e(x,y)= {\mathcal M} (x,x, x)^{-1}\) if \(x=y\) and \(e(x, y)=0\) if \(x\neq y\).
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- The algebra of lattice functions
- THE EULERIAN FUNCTIONS OF A GROUP
- Weighted incidence coalgebras
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