Proximal mediation analysis
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Abstract: A common concern when trying to draw causal inferences from observational data is that the measured covariates are insufficiently rich to account for all sources of confounding. In practice, many of the covariates may only be proxies of the latent confounding mechanism. Recent work has shown that in certain settings where the standard 'no unmeasured confounding' assumption fails, proxy variables can be leveraged to identify causal effects. Results currently exist for the total causal effect of an intervention, but little consideration has been given to learning about the direct or indirect pathways of the effect through a mediator variable. In this work, we describe three separate proximal identification results for natural direct and indirect effects in the presence of unmeasured confounding. We then develop a semiparametric framework for inference on natural (in)direct effects, which leads us to locally efficient, multiply robust estimators.
Cited in
(7)- Double Negative Control Inference in Test-Negative Design Studies of Vaccine Effectiveness
- Time-varying mediation analysis for incomplete data with application to DNA methylation study for PTSD
- Long-term causal inference under persistent confounding via data combination
- Proximal survival analysis to handle dependent right censoring
- Mediation Analysis with the Mediator and Outcome Missing Not at Random
- Proximal causal inference for conditional separable effects
- Mediation analysis of failure time data under interval censoring
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