Equivariant Riemann-Roch theorems for curves over perfect fields
Let \(X\) be a smooth, projective, geometrically irreducible curve over a perfect field \(k\) and let \(G\) be a finite subgroup of the automorphism group \(\text{Aut}(X/k)\). One can associate to a locally free \(G\)-sheaf \({\mathcal E}\) on \(X\) the equivariant Euler characteristic \[ \chi(G,X,{\mathcal E}):= [H^0(X,{\mathcal E})] - [H^1(X,{\mathcal E})] \in K_0(G,k), \] considered as an element of the Grothendieck group \(K_0(G,k)\) of finitely generated modules over the group ring \(k[G]\). Ellingsrud and Lønsted found a formula for the equivariant Euler characteristic of an arbitrary \(G\)-sheaf on a curve over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero and subsequently various authors have considered variants of this formula under different assumptions. In the paper under review the authors consider the case where the underlying field is perfect and \({\mathcal E}={\mathcal L}(D)\) for some \(G\)-equivariant divisor \(D= \sum_{P\in X} n_PP\) (\(G\)-equivariant means that \(n_{\sigma(P)} = n_p\) for all \(\sigma\in G\) and all \(P\in X\)). Under the assumption that the canonical morphism \(X\to X/G\) is weakly ramified and that \(n_P+1\) is divisible by the wild part of the ramification index \(E_p\) for all \(P\in X\), they give a formula for \(\chi(G,X,{\mathcal L}(D))\). The formula is a linear combination of the classes of the regular representation \(k[G]\) and of certain projective \(k[G]\)-modules which are defined in terms of the decomposition groups \(G_P\) and the inertia groups \(I_P\) for \(P\in X\).
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