A refinement of the formula for k-ary trees and the Gould-Vandermonde's convolution

MaRDI QIDQ1010768zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Ricky X. F. Chen

Publication date 7 April 2009

Published in The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.04794, https://eudml.org/doc/129751, http://www.emis.de/journals/EJC/Volume_15/Abstracts/v15i1r52.html

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zbMATH Keywords

generating functiongeneralized Catalan numberscombinatorial sumk-ary treesVandermonde type convolutionvector generalization of Catalan numbers

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Trees (05C05) Exact enumeration problems, generating functions (05A15) Combinatorial identities, bijective combinatorics (05A19)

Abstract: In this paper, we present an involution on some kind of colored $k$-ary trees which provides a combinatorial proof of a combinatorial sum involving the generalized Catalan numbers $C_{k,gamma}(n)=fracgammakn+gammakn+gammachoosen$. From the combinatorial sum, we refine the formula for $k$-ary trees and obtain an implicit formula for the generating function of the generalized Catalan numbers which obviously implies a Vandermonde type convolution generalized by Gould. Furthermore, we also obtain a combinatorial sum involving a vector generalization of the Catalan numbers by an extension of our involution.

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