Pre-compact families of finite sets of integers and weakly null sequences in Banach spaces
If \(K\) is a countable compact metric space and \((x_n) \subseteq C(K)\) is normalized and weakly null, then some normalized block basis of \((x_n)\) is equivalent to the unit vector basis of \(c_0\), and in particular unconditional. Using the Nash--Williams theory of fronts and barriers [see also \textit{J.\,López Abad} and \textit{S.\,Todorcevic}, RACSAM, Rev.\ R.\ Acad.\ Cienc.\ Exactas Fís.\ Nat., Ser.\,A Mat.\ 100, No.\,1--2, 237--277 (2006; Zbl 1111.46009)], the authors quantify these results as follows. Let \(K\) have Cantor--Bendixson index \(\beta\) and let \((x_i)\subseteq C(K)\) as above. Then there exist a subsequence \(M\) of \(\mathbb N\), \(C<\infty\), a uniform barrier \(\mathcal B\) on \(M\) of rank at most \(\beta\), and a uniform assignment \(\mu :{\mathcal B} \to c_{00}^+\) satisfying: {\parindent=6mm \begin{itemize}\item[(a)] \(\text{supp }\mu (s) \subset s\) for all \(s\in {\mathcal B}\); \item[(b)] for all block sequences \((s_n)\) in \(\mathcal B\), if \(y_n \equiv \sum \mu (s_n)(i)x_i\), then \((y_n)\) is \(C\)-equivalent to the unit vector basis of \(c_0\). \end{itemize}} A normalized basic sequence \((x_n)\) is said to be \(\alpha\)-unconditionally saturated if there exists \(C<\infty\) and an \(\alpha\)-uniform barrier \(\mathcal B\) on \(\mathbb N\) so that for all subsequences \(M\) of \(\mathbb N\) there exists a further subsequence \(N\) satisfying that for all \(x=\sum_{i\in N} a_i x_i\) and \(F\in {\mathcal B}\), \(\|\sum_{i\in F} a_i x_i\| \leq C\|x\|\). The authors prove that for all \(\omega^\alpha >\omega_0\) there exists a countable compact \(K\) and \((x_n) \subseteq C(K)\) so that for all \(\beta < \omega^\alpha\), \((x_n)\) is \(\beta\)-unconditionally saturated but it is not \(\omega^\alpha\)-unconditionally saturated.
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