On the hardness of sampling independent sets beyond the tree threshold

DOI10.1007/S00440-007-0131-9zbMATH Open1165.60028arXivmath/0701471OpenAlexW2048759201MaRDI QIDQ1017883FDOQ1017883

Authors: Elchanan Mossel, Dror Weitz, Nicholas Wormald 

Publication date: 13 May 2009

Published in: Zeitschrift für Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und Verwandte Gebiete (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We consider local Markov chain Monte-Carlo algorithms for sampling from the weighted distribution of independent sets with activity $l$, where the weight of an independent set $I$ is $l^{|I|}$. A recent result has established that Gibbs sampling is rapidly mixing in sampling the distribution for graphs of maximum degree $d$ and $l<l_c(d)$, where $l_c(d)$ is the critical activity for uniqueness of the Gibbs measure (i.e., for decay of correlations with distance in the weighted distribution over independent sets) on the $d$-regular infinite tree. We show that for $dgeq3$, $l$ just above $l_c(d)$ with high probability over $d$-regular bipartite graphs, any local Markov chain Monte-Carlo algorithm takes exponential time before getting close to the stationary distribution. Our results provide a rigorous justification for ``replica method heuristics. These heuristics were invented in theoretical physics and are used in order to derive predictions on Gibbs measures on random graphs in terms of Gibbs measures on trees. We conjecture that $l_c$ is in fact the exact threshold for this computational problem, i.e., that for $l>l_c$ it is NP-hard to approximate the above weighted sum overindependent sets to within a factor polynomial in the size of the graph.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0701471

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Computational methods in Markov chains (60J22) Markov chains (discrete-time Markov processes on discrete state spaces) (60J10) Analysis of algorithms and problem complexity (68Q25)

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Cited In (39)

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• Sampling in Uniqueness from the Potts and Random-Cluster Models on Random Regular Graphs
• Phase transitions in discrete structures
• Exact thresholds for Ising-Gibbs samplers on general graphs
• Counting Independent Sets and Colorings on Random Regular Bipartite Graphs
• Branching process approach for 2-SAT thresholds
• Gibbs rapidly samples colorings of \(G(n, d/n)\)
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• An FPTAS for the hardcore model on random regular bipartite graphs
• The complexity of approximately counting in 2-spin systems on \(k\)-uniform bounded-degree hypergraphs
• Approximation algorithms for two-state anti-ferromagnetic spin systems on bounded degree graphs
• A Spectral Independence View on Hard Spheres via Block Dynamics
• Gibbs measures and phase transitions on sparse random graphs
• Harnessing the Bethe free energy
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• Spectral Independence in High-Dimensional Expanders and Applications to the Hardcore Model
• Tunneling of the hard‐core model on finite triangular lattices

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