Fixed points of circle actions on spaces with rational cohomology of S^n S^2n S^3n or P^2(n) S^3n

Equivariant fiber spaces and bundles in algebraic topology (55R91) Compact groups of homeomorphisms (57S10) Groups acting on specific manifolds (57S25)

Abstract: Let

X

be a finitistic space with its rational cohomology isomorphic to that of the wedge sum

P^{2} (n) v e e S^{3 n}

or

S^{n} v e e S^{2 n} v e e S^{3 n}

. We study continuous

m a t h b b S^{1}

actions on

X

and determine the possible fixed point sets up to rational cohomology depending on whether or not

X

is totally non-homologous to zero in

X_{m a t h b b S^{1}}

in the Borel fibration

X h o o k r i g h t a r r o w X_{m a t h b b S^{1}} l o n g r i g h t a r r o w B_{m a t h b b S^{1}}

. We also give examples realizing the possible cases.

Review text

The fixed point set of an action on the product of two spheres has been studied in detail by several people. The question has been considered for a larger class of spaces \(X\) introduced by \textit{H. Toda} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 14, 89--95 (1963; Zbl 0114.39701)]. These spaces have the rational cohomology isomorphic to that of the wedge sum of \(S^n\vee S^{2n}\vee S^{3n}\) or \(P^2(n)\vee S^{3n}\). The fixed point set of an \(S^1\)-action on those spaces has been studied with the exception when the rational cohomology ring satisfies \(u_1\cup u_2=0\) for \(u_1, u_2\) generators of \(H^n(X,\mathbb Q)\), \(H^{2n}(X,\mathbb Q)\), respectively. The main result of the paper under review is to describe the rational cohomology ring of the fixed point set of an \(S^1\)-action on those spaces. Using the convention that \(X \sim_{\mathbb Q}Y\) means that \(X,Y\) have isomorphic cohomology rings, the present author proves two result where one is under the hypothesis that \(X\) is totally non-homologous to zero in \(X_G\) and the other is under the hypothesis that \(X\) is not totally non-homologous to zero in \(X_G\). He proves: Theorem 1. Let \(G=S^1\) act on a finitistic space \(X\) of type \((a,0)\) with fixed point set \(F\). Suppose that \(X\) is totally non-homologous to zero in \(X_G\), then \(F\) has at most four components satisfying the following: {\parindent=4,5mm \begin{itemize}\item[1.] If \(F\) has four components, then each is acyclic and \(n\) is even. \item[2.] If \(F\) has three components, then \(n\) is even and \(F\sim_{\mathbb Q} S^r \cup \{\text{point}_1\}\cup\{\text{point}_2\}\) for some even integer \(2\leq r \leq 3n\). \item[3.] If \(F\) has two components, then either \(F\sim_{\mathbb Q} S^r \cup S^s\) or \(S^r \vee S^s\cup\{\text{point}\}\) for some integers \(1\leq r, s \leq 3n\) or \(F\sim_Q P^2(r)\cup\{\text{point}\}\) for some even integer \(2\leq r \leq 3n\). \item[4.] If \(F\) has one component, then either \(F\sim_{\mathbb Q} S^r \vee S^s \vee S^t\) for some integers \(1\leq r, s, t \leq 3n\) or \(F\sim_{\mathbb Q} S^s\vee P^2(r)\) for some integers \(1\leq r \leq n\) and \(1\leq s \leq 3n\). \end{itemize}} Moreover, if \(n\) is even, then \(X\) is always totally non-homologous to zero in \(X_G\). Further, all the cases are realizable. Theorem 2. Let \(G=S^1\) act on a finitistic space \(X\) of type \((a,0)\) with fixed point set \(F\). Suppose that \(X\) is not totally non-homologous to zero in \(X_G\), then either \(F=\emptyset\) or has \(F\sim_{\mathbb Q} S^r\), where \(1\leq r\), \(3n\) is an odd integer. Moreover, the second possibility is realizable. The author uses cohomological methods on transformation groups.

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