A family of Schrödinger operators whose spectrum is an interval
Let \(H_{V}\) be the Schrödinger operator defined on the space \(l^{2} (\mathbb{N})\) by \[ \begin{aligned} (H_V)(n)&= u(n+1)+ u(n-1)+ V(n)u(n), \quad n\geq 2,\\ (H_Vu)(1)&= u(2)+ V(1)u(1), \end{aligned} \] for \(u \in l^{2} (\mathbb{N}), \;V\) being a bounded real-valued potential. Let \(\sigma (V)\) and \(\sigma_{a c} (V)\) denote the spectrum and the absolutely continuous spectrum of \(H_{V}\), respectively, and let \(\mathbb{T} = \mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}\) denote the circle. The author shows that for any \(\alpha \neq 0, \theta\) and \(\rho > 0\) not an integer, \[ \sigma(V)= [\min(f)-2, \max(f)+2], \] where \(V(n)= f(\alpha n^{\rho} + \theta)\) for any continuous real-valued function on \(\mathbb{T}\). Moreover, for \(r \geq 0\) an integer, \(r < \rho < r + 1\), \(\alpha \neq 0\) and any \(\theta\), \[ \sigma_{a c} (V) \subseteq \mathcal{B}_{r} (f) := \bigcap_{a_{0},\dots,a_{r}} \sigma_{a c} \Biggl(f \biggl(\sum_{j = 0}^{r} a_{j} n^{j}\biggl)\Biggl). \]
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