Hardy fields and existence of transexponential functions

DOI10.1007/BF02189932MaRDI QIDQ1076178zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Michael Boshernitzan

Publication date 1986

Published in Aequationes Mathematicae (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://eudml.org/doc/137133

zbMATH Keywords

Abel's functional equationalgebraic functional differentialequationsHardy fieldsrational iterates of the exponential functiontransexponential functions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Differential algebra (12H05) Rate of growth of functions, orders of infinity, slowly varying functions (26A12) Iteration of real functions in one variable (26A18) Linear ordinary differential equations and systems (34A30) Iteration theory, iterative and composite equations (39B12)

Review text

The main result of this paper is that every Hardy field, which is maximal [cf. \textit{N. Boubaki}: Eléments de mathématique. Fasc. XII. Première partie. Livre IV: Fonctions d'une variable réelle (théorie élémentaire) (1961; Zbl 0131.050), p. 107] under \(\gg\) (greater for sufficiently large values of the variable), is unbounded. It is also shown that there exist transexponential functions \((f\gg e_ k\) for all positive k, where \(e_ k\) is the k-th iterate of the exponential function) in Hardy fields and that there exist (transexponential) analytic solutions f with \(\lim f=\infty,\) \(f\gg 0,\) of the functional equation \(f(x+1)=e^{f(x)}\) and also of \(f(x+1)=e^{f(x)}-1,\) such that solutions of the former equation satisfy \(f(x)f'(x-1)=f'(x)\) (the statements in the paper are stronger). Finally properties of rational iterates of the exponential function are examined and four unsolved problems are listed (a note added in proof states that the author has since solved the first two).

Recommendations

• "Orders of Infinity" Generated by Difference Equations
• Transserial Hardy fields
• The Rank of a Hardy Field
• An extension of Hardy's class L of orders of infinity
• Growth Properties of Functions in Hardy Fields

Cites work

• "Orders of Infinity" Generated by Difference Equations
• An extension of Hardy's class L of orders of infinity
• Analytic Hardy Fields and Exponential Curves in the Real Plane
• Differential valuations
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• Fractional iteration of exponentially growing functions
• Hardy fields
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Cited in

(19)

• Symbolic asymptotics: Multiseries of inverse functions
• Uniform distribution and Hardy fields
• Primary decomposition of lattice basis ideals
• "Orders of Infinity" Generated by Difference Equations
• Growth Properties of Functions in Hardy Fields
• Rosenlicht Fields
• Hardy type derivations on fields of exponential logarithmic series
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1552087 (Why is no real title available?)
• Surreal numbers with derivation, Hardy fields and transseries: a survey. To the memory of Murray Marshall
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 742756 (Why is no real title available?)
• Functions in a hardy field not ultimately C∞
• Incompatible growth rates of the tetrations
• Fractional hyperexponentials and Hardy's order of infinity via a solution of Abel's equation
• Filling gaps in Hardy fields
• Model theory of differential-henselian pre-H-fields
• Relative differential closure in Hardy fields
• Ordered transexponential fields
• Constructing -free Hardy fields
• Formal solutions of differential equations

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