The number of nontrivial solutions to Hammerstein nonlinear integral equations

Publication date 1986

Published in Chinese Annals of Mathematics. Series B (Search for Journal in Brave)

infinite many nontrivial solutions nonlinear Hammerstein integral equation

Nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B15) Other nonlinear integral equations (45G10)

Review text

Consider the nonlinear Hammerstein integral equation (1) \(\phi =A\phi\), where \(A\phi (x)=\int_{G}k(x,y)f(y,\phi (y))dy,\) G is a measurable subset of \(R^ N\) such that \(0<mes G<+\infty\), f(y,u) is defined in \(G\times (-\infty,+\infty)\) and satisfies the Carathéodory condition and \(| f(x,u)| \leq a+b| u|^{p-1}\) for each \(x\in G\) and \(u\in (-\infty,+\infty)\) and some \(p>2\). Assume further that k(y,y) is a \(L_ 2(G\times G)\)-kernel, which is symmetric and all its non-zero eigenvalues are positive (or has only a finite number of negative eigenvalues). If \(\int_{G}\int_{G}| k(x,y)|^ pdx dy<+\infty\) and there exist constants \(\tau\in (0,1/2)\) and \(M>0\) such that \(\int^{u}_{0}f(x,v)dv\leq \tau uf(x,u)\) for each u, \(| u| \geq M\) and each \(x\in G\) and the function \(f(x,u)u^{-1}\) satisfies some additional conditions, then the integral equation (1) has at least one nontrivial solution in \(L_ p(G)\). The case of infinite many nontrivial solutions of (1) in \(L_ p(G)\) is also studied. Some of these results which generalize that of \textit{A. Ambrosetti} and \textit{P. H. Rabinowitz} [J. Funct. Anal. 14, 349-381 (1973; Zbl 0273.49063)] are applied to two- point boundary value problems for nonlinear ordinary differential equations.

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