Bending of a piece of an ovaloid into a surface with self-intersection

Let F be an ovaloid in 3-space of class \(C^ k_{\alpha}\), \(k\geq 4\), \(0<\alpha <1\), with positive Gauss curvatures bounded away from zero; further let S be a simply connected domain on F whose boundary is of class \(C^ k_{\alpha}\). Theorem: S can be bent analytically with respect to a parameter in such a way as to preserve regularity up to the boundary and so that self-intersections arise at interior points in a neighborhood of a preassigned set of the boundary of S. The simple connectivity requirement on S can be removed. There is a corollary: If \(S_*\) is a surface with boundary which is \(C^ k_{\alpha}\) up to the boundary and has no self-intersections, and if \(S_*\) is isometric to a domain on an ovaloid, then \(S_*\) admits a bending, analytic in the bending parameter, which preserves regularity and produces a surface with interior self-intersection points.

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On bending of a convex surface to a convex surface with prescribed spherical image

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