Reversed stability conditions in transient finite element analysis
algorithmic dampingartificially unstable modeselastodynamicsfluid mechanicsgeneralized trapezoidal methodshigher-order elementsNewmark methodnumerical experimentoptimal mass lumpingpenalty function with alternating signssemidiscrete equationsStable integrationunstable high-frequency modesunstable modal equations
Numerical methods which introduce artificially unstable modes are discussed. In structural and elastodynamics these result from optimal mass lumping with higher-order elements. In fluid mechanics an additional source of these modes can be a penalty function with alternating signs. These modes yield unstable modal equations; however, they do not necessarily imply unstable transient integration in the presence of algorithmic damping. Stable integration can be achieved by satisfying a stability condition in which the roles of space-step and time-step are reversed. Elatodyamics, the Navier-Stokes equations, and non-Newtonian fluids provide numerical examples.
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