Decay order of eigenfunctions of second-order elliptic operators in an unbounded domain, and its applications
We study the asymptotic behavior as \(| x| \to \infty\) of the not identically vanishing solution \(u(x)\in H^2_{\text{loc}}(\mathbb{R}^ n)\) of second-order elliptic equation in an unbounded domain \[ -\sum^{n}_{i,j=1} \left( \frac\partial{\partial x_ i} + \sqrt{-1} b_ i(x)\right) a_{ij}(x) \left( \frac\partial{\partial x_ j} + \sqrt{-1} b_ j(x)\right) u(x) + (q_1(x)+q_ 2(x))u(x) =0 \text{ for }| x| >R_ 0. \] Our main assumptions are the following: there exist some constants \(\alpha<3\) and \(\alpha-1 <r_0 <2\) such that \(\text{curl}b(x) = o(r^{-(\alpha+1)/2})\), \(q_2(x) = o(r^{(1-3\alpha)/4})\) is a complex-valued function, \(q_1(x)\) is a real-valued function satisfying \[ \limsup_{r\to\infty} \left\{r^{\alpha}\langle\hat x,A(x)\nabla q_ 1(x)\rangle + \gamma_0 r^{\alpha-1} q_1 (x) \right\} < \infty. \] (Note that we do not exclude the case \(\lim_{r\to\infty} q_1(x) = \infty\).) These conditions are generalization of the preceding paper by the author [ibid. 21, 1281- 1297 (1985; Zbl 0616.35070)], which treats the case \(\alpha=1\) of this paper and includes more strict conditions than the ones imposed in this paper.
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