Global existence and uniqueness for the Kummer transformation problem subject to non-Cauchy data
Bessel functionscentral dispersionsglobal existence and uniquenesshomothetic transformationKummer third order nonlinear differentialKummer transformation problemlinear homogeneous ordinary differentialLiouville-Green approximationLiouville-Green phasenon-Cauchy problemnumerical analysisorthogonal transformationSchwarzian derivative
Nonlinear ordinary differential equations and systems (34A34) Oscillation theory, zeros, disconjugacy and comparison theory for ordinary differential equations (34C10) Transformation and reduction of ordinary differential equations and systems, normal forms (34C20) Singular perturbations, turning point theory, WKB methods for ordinary differential equations (34E20)
This paper is a sequel of the authors' previous two papers [Asymptotic and computational analysis. Conference in honor of Frank W. J. Olver's 65th birthday, Proc. Int. Symp., Winnipeg/Can. 1989, Lect. Notes Pure Appl. Math. 124, 707-722 (1990; Zbl 0704.34006); Math Comput. 55, No. 192, 591-612 (1990; Zbl 0676.65041)] on evaluation zeros of solutions of second order differential equations. In this paper, the authors establish the global existence and uniqueness for the non-Cauchy problem associated with Kummer third order nonlinear differential in 1834, namely (1) \(Q(x)x'{}^ 2=q(t)-{1\over 2}(x,t)\), where \[ (x,t)={x'\over x'}-{3\over 3}{x{}^ 2\over x'{}^ 2}, \leqno (2) \] which plays a central role in the theory of transformations between any two linear homogeneous ordinary differential equations like (3) \(d^ 2y/dt^ 2+q(t)y=0\), \(t\in j\equiv(a,b)\), (3') \(d^ 2Y/dT^ 2+Q(T)Y=0\), \(t\in J\equiv (A,B)\), where \(q\in C^ 0(j)\), \(Q\in C^ 0(J)\), \(-\infty\leq a<b\leq\infty\), \(- \infty\leq A<B\leq+\infty\). The authors concentrate on the special case of (1) obtained when \(Q=1\), i.e. (4) \(\alpha'{}^ 2=q(t)-{1\over 2}(\alpha,t)\), whose solution is the function \(\alpha(t)\) three times differentiable and with \(\alpha'\neq 0\) on \(j\). The authors also demonstrate the connections between the Kummer transformation problem and the Liouville-Green approximation in the oscillatory case while they illustrate applications to Bessel functions, central dispersions and numerical analysis at the end of the paper.
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