On an identity of Ramanujan based on the hypergeometric series _2F₁(13,23;12;x)

Theta series; Weil representation; theta correspondences (11F27) Classical hypergeometric functions, ({}_2F_1) (33C05) Elliptic functions and integrals (33E05)

Review text

Here is the author's introduction: ``Recently \textit{B. C. Berndt, S. Bhargava} and \textit{F. Garvan} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 347, 4163-4244 (1995; Zbl 0843.33012)] provided the first proof to an identity of Ramanujan. Their proof, which is based on various modular identities, is quite difficult and complicated. In this paper, we give a much simpler proof of this identity by converting it into an identity involving the classical elliptic functions and establishing the identity by comparing their Laurent series expansions at a pole. And here is the identity of the title: Theorem. For \(0\leq q<1\), let \(a= a(q)= \vartheta_3(q) \vartheta_3(q^3)+ \vartheta_2(q) \vartheta_2(q^3)\), \(c= c(q)= \frac 12 a(q^{1/3})- \frac 12 a(q)\) and \(h= (c^3/a^3)\); and define \[ az= \int_0^\varphi {}_2F_1 \bigl( \tfrac 13,\tfrac 23, \tfrac 12;h\sin^2 t \bigr)dt. \] Then \[ \varphi=z+3 \sum_{n=1}^\infty \frac{q^n\sin 2nz}{n(1+q^n+q^{2n})}. \] The author's elegant proof employs the following three identities: \[ \frac{d\varphi}{dz}= 1+\frac{3i}{2} \Biggl\{ \frac{\vartheta_4'}{\vartheta_4} \biggl(z+ \frac{\pi\tau}{6} \biggl| \tau\biggr)- \frac{\vartheta_4'}{\vartheta_4} \biggl(z- \frac{\pi\tau}{6} \biggl| \tau\biggr)\Biggr\}= -2+\frac{3i}{2} \Biggl\{ \frac{\vartheta_1'}{\vartheta_1} \biggl(z+ \frac{\pi\tau}{3} \biggl| \tau\biggr)- \frac{\vartheta_1'}{\vartheta_1} \biggl(z- \frac{\pi\tau}{3} \biggl| \tau\biggr)\Biggr\}, \] \[ \frac{d^2\varphi}{dz^2}= \frac{3i}{2} \Biggl(\wp \biggl(z- \frac{\pi\tau}{3} \biggr)- \wp\biggl(z+ \frac{\pi\tau}{3} \biggr)\Biggr), \qquad \text{ and} \] \[ \sin\varphi \cos\varphi= \frac{1}{4i} \Biggl\{ e^{4iz} \Biggl( \frac{\vartheta_1(z+\pi\tau/3)} {\vartheta_1(z-\pi\tau/3)} \Biggr)^3- e^{-4iz} \Biggl( \frac{\vartheta_1(z-\pi\tau/3)} {\vartheta_1(z+\pi\tau/3)} \Biggr)^3\Biggr\}, \] to show that the theorem is equivalent to: \[ \begin{multlined} e^{4iz} \Biggl( \frac{\vartheta_1(z+\pi\tau/3)} {\vartheta_1(z-\pi\tau/3)} \Biggr)^3- e^{-4iz} \Biggl( \frac{\vartheta_1(z-\pi\tau/3)} {\vartheta_1(z+\pi\tau/3)} \Biggr)^3= \frac{9}{4c^3(q^{2/3})} \Biggl(\wp \biggl(z- \frac{\pi\tau}{3}\biggr)- \wp \biggl(z+ \frac{\pi\tau}{3}\biggr)\Biggr)\\ \times \left\{ 2a(q^{2/3})- 2+\frac{3i}{2} \Biggl[ \frac{\vartheta_1'}{\vartheta_1} \biggl(z+ \frac{\pi\tau}{3}\biggr)- \frac{\vartheta_1'}{\vartheta_1} \biggl(z- \frac{\pi\tau}{3} \biggr)\Biggr] \right\}. \end{multlined} \] To prove this identity, it is sufficient to show that the coefficients of the Laurent series expansions corresponding to the terms \((z-\pi\tau/3)^{-n}\), \(n=1,2\) and 3, are equal on both sides, since each side is an elliptic function with the same periods and value at 0.

Recommendations

Cites work

Cited in

(12)

This page was built for publication: On an identity of Ramanujan based on the hypergeometric series \(_2F_1(\frac{1}{3},\frac{2}{3};\frac{1}{2};x)\)

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q1265670)