On a certain inequality arising in the theory of differential equations
The author proves six interesting generalizations to the next result due to \textit{L. Ou-Iang} [Shuxue Jinzhan 3, 409-415 (1957)]: Lemma. Let \(u,f\in C(\mathbb{R}_ +,\mathbb{R}_ +)\), \(\mathbb{R}_ += [0,\infty)\). If \[ u^ 2(t)\leq c^ 2+ 2 \int^ t_ 0 f(s)u(s)ds,\quad t\in \mathbb{R}_ +,\tag{L} \] where \(c\geq 0\) is a constant, then \[ u(t)\leq c+ \int^ t_ 0 f(s)ds,\quad t\in \mathbb{R}_ +. \] In the Theorems 1, 3 and 5, some more general inequalities of the (L)-type (in one or more than one independent variables) involving multiple fold integrals are obtained. The Theorems 2, 4, and 6 yield prior bounds on solutions to some two-dimensional systems of such inequalities considered in Theorems 1, 3, and 5, respectively. Application of the results proved to some nonlinear differential and integral equations are also indicated. Reviewer's remark: Some important extensions of the Ou-Iang's lemma had been established by \textit{G. Butler} and \textit{T. Rogers} [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 33, 77-81 (1971; Zbl 0209.425)]. Indeed, the above Lemma is a particular case of the Corollary 1, (i) when \(p= 2\), \(q=1\), \(a(t)= c^ 2\), \(b(t)= 2\), and \(k(t,s)= f(s)\) given by Butler and Rogers. We note also that, applying the same argument of Butler and Rogers, all results obtained in the present paper can be extended to some more general cases.
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