On the Newtonian limit of general relativity

DOI10.1007/BF02112314zbMATH Open0812.35147arXivgr-qc/9506077OpenAlexW2091503921MaRDI QIDQ1344487FDOQ1344487

Authors: Simonetta Frittelli, O. Reula 

Publication date: 13 February 1995

Published in: Communications in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We find a choice of variables for the 3+1 formulation of general relativity which casts the evolution equations into (flux-conservative) symmetric-hyperbolic first order form for arbitrary lapse and shift, for the first time. We redefine the lapse function in terms of the determinant of the 3-metric and a free function U which embodies the lapse freedom. By rescaling the variables with appropriate factors of 1/c, the system is shown to have a smooth Newtonian limit when the redefined lapse U and the shift are fixed by means of elliptic equations to be satisfied on each time slice. We give a prescription for the choice of appropriate initial data with controlled extra-radiation content, based on the theory of problems with different time-scales. Our results are local, in the sense that we are not concerned with the treatment of asymptotic regions. On the other hand, this local theory is all what is needed for most problems of practical numerical computation.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9506077

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zbMATH Keywords

Einstein's equationsNewtonian solutioninitialization procedurerelativistic solution

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Einstein's equations (general structure, canonical formalism, Cauchy problems) (83C05) PDEs in connection with relativity and gravitational theory (35Q75)

Cites Work

• General Relativity
• Newtonian gravity on the null cone
• Problems with Different Time Scales for Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations
• Problems with Different Time Scales for Ordinary Differential Equations
• Hamiltonian formulation of gravitating perfect fluids and the Newtonian limit
• Hyperbolicity of the 3+1 system of Einstein equations

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