Algebraicity of holomorphic mappings between real algebraic sets in C^ n

(minus a complex algebraic set) as an algebraic mapping. Conversely, we show that for any ``model case (i.e., $A$ given by quasi-homogeneous real polynomials), the conditions on $A$ are actually necessary for the conclusion to hold.

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The main results of this extensive and substantial paper are related to the question under which conditions a germ $H$ of a holomorphic map in $\mathbb{C}^N$, mapping an irreducible real algebraic set $A\subset \mathbb{C}^N$ into another real algebraic set of the same dimension, is actually algebraic. The paper contains a series of general results from which special results can be deduced: For example, if $H$ is a germ as above in a regular point of $A$ with Jac $H\not \equiv 0$, then $H$ is algebraic if the following sufficient conditions, which are also essentially necessary, are fulfilled: 1) $A$ is holomorphically nondegenerate everywhere in some nonempty relatively open subset of the set of regular points of $A$ and 2) Every holomorphic algebraic function $f$ in a neighbourhood in $\mathbb{C}^N$ of a point of $A$, with $f_{|A}$ real-valued, is constant. The authors prove that these conditions together are equivalent to the existence of the following three types of CR points in $A$: holomorphically nondegenerate, minimal and generic ones. Several results are related to the case of real algebraic CR submanifolds $M$ of $\mathbb{C}^N$. It is shown that the CR orbit of every $p\in M$ is a real algebraic submanifold of $M$, and the intrinsic complexification $X$ of this orbit is a complex algebraic submanifold of $\mathbb{C}^N$. If $H$ is the germ of a biholomorphic map in a neighbourhood in $\mathbb{C}^N$ of $p\in M$, mapping $M$ into another real algebraic manifold of the same dimension, then the restriction of $H$ to the complex algebraic manifold $X$ is algebraic. Remarkably, the algebraicity results in this paper are deduced from analyticity properties of locally defined objects. The so-called Segre sets play a central methodical role. These are sequences of sets which are attached to the points of a real analytic CR manifold. The concept of these sets is described in detail and generalizes the concept of the so-called Segre surfaces which has been used before by other authors. The paper also contains a brief historical survey about previous work on the algebraicity of holomorphic mappings between real algebraic sets in $\mathbb{C}^N$.

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