Low energy resolvent estimates for acoustic propagators in perturbed stratified media
Let \(\Delta= \Sigma^{n-1}_{j=1} \partial^2/ \partial y_j^2+ \partial^2/ \partial z^2\), \(n\geq 3\). The author studies the acoustic propagator \(L=-a(x)^2\Delta\), \(x=(y,z) \in \mathbb{R}^{n-1} \times\mathbb{R}\), as the perturbed operator of \(L_0=-a_0 (z)^2\Delta\). Here \(a_0(z)= c_+\) for \(z\geq h\), \(=c_h\) for \(h>z>0\), \(=c_-\) for \(0\geq z\), \(0<c_h<\min (c_+,c_-)\), and \(a(x) \in L^\infty (\mathbb{R}_x^n)\) satisfies the two conditions, \(0<c_m<a (x)<c_M\), and \(a(x)-a_0(z)= O(| x|^{- \theta-1})\) as \((| x| \to\infty)\) for \(\theta>0\). Let \(\langle x\rangle= (1+ | x|^2)^{1/2}\), \(R(z;L)= (L-z)^{-1}\) for \(\text{Im} z\neq 0\), and \(\| R(\lambda;L) \| \equiv \|\langle x\rangle^{-1} R(\lambda \pm i0;L) \langle x\rangle^{-1} \|\) for \(\lambda\in\mathbb{R}\). He obtains the following results: (i) If \(c_+-c_-\) and \(n=3\), then \(\| R(\lambda; L \|= O(\lambda^{-d})\) (as \(\lambda\to 0)\) for \(d\in (0,1/2)\). (ii) If \(c_+= c_-\) and \(n\geq 4\), then \(\| R(\lambda;L) \|= O(1)\) (as \(\lambda\to 0)\). (iii) If \(c_+\neq c_-\) and \(n\geq 3\), then \(\| R(\lambda;L) \|= O(1)\) (as \(\lambda\to 0)\). (i) and (ii) are derived from \textit{E. Mourre}'s commutator method [Comm. Math. Phys. 78, 391-408 (1981; Zbl 0489.47010)]. (iii) is the remake of Kikuchi-Tamura's Theorem.
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