A particle in a magnetic field of an infinite rectilinear current
Biot-Savart-Laplace magnetic fieldexplicit solutionSchrödinger equationspectral and scattering theory
Scattering theory of linear operators (47A40) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10) (2)-body potential quantum scattering theory (81U05)
The author considers the Schrödinger operator in the space \(L_2(\mathbb{R}^3)\) of the form \[ H=-\partial^2_x-\partial^2_y+(i\partial_z-\gamma\log r)^2, \;\;\gamma=ec^{-1}\alpha, \] where \(| \alpha| \) is proportional to the current strength, \(e\) is the charge of a quantum particle of mass 1/2 and \(c\) is the speed of light. It is shown that the operator \(H\) is absolutely continuous, its spectrum has infinite multiplicity and coincides with the positive half-axis. The large time behavior of solutions \(\exp(-iHt)f\) of the time dependent Schrödinger equation is given. The main observation of the paper is that a positively (negatively) charged quantum particle always moves in the direction of the current (in the opposite direction) and is localized in the orthogonal plane. It is also shown that similar results are true in classical mechanics.
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