Scalar perturbations and conformal transformation
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Abstract: The non-minimal coupling of gravity to a scalar field can be transformed into a minimal coupling through a conformal transformation. We show how to connect the results of a perturbation calculation, performed around a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker background solution, before and after the conformal transformation. We work in the synchronous gauge, but we discuss the implications of employing other formalisms.
The author writes the field equations of the Brans-Dicke theory in the Einstein and the Jordan frames, determines the background solutions for the Robertson-Walker metric and connects them by a conformal transformation. Scalar perturbations in both cases are studied. The analytical solutions under the synchronous coordinate condition cannot be connected by a conformal transformation. Under different coordinate conditions, it is shown that passing from a frame to another preserves the solution.
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