Bifurcation from the essential spectrum for almost-periodic perturbations of Hill's equation
Nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B15) Bifurcation theory for ordinary differential equations (34C23) Perturbations of ordinary differential equations (34D10) Bifurcations of singular points in dynamical systems (37G10) Variational methods involving nonlinear operators (47J30)
Almost-periodic perturbations of Hill's equation \(-\ddot u +Vu-r|u|^{p-1}u=\lambda u\) are considered. Here, \(V\) is periodic and \(r\) almost-periodic. The author proves that (under certain hypotheses) the infimum of the spectrum of the linearisation at \(u=0\) is a bifurcation point of the nonlinear equation. The approach is a variational one. For that reason the problem has been formulated in \(H^1(\mathbb R)\). The main theorem extends a bifurcation result obtained by \textit{C. A. Stuart} [Bull. Belg. Math. Soc. -- Simon Stevin Suppl. (1995; Zbl 0864.47037)].
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