Microforces and the theory of solute transport

DOI10.1007/PL00001517MaRDI QIDQ1589880zbMATHFDO

Authors Eliot Fried, Shaun Sellers

Publication date 13 December 2000

Published in ZAMP. Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9904312

zbMATH Keywords

diffusionconvectionforce balancegeneralized Smoluchowski equationdiffusive solute fluxsolute mass balance

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Diffusion (76R50) Transport processes in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C70) Foundations, constitutive equations, rheology, hydrodynamical models of non-fluid phenomena (76A99)

Abstract: A generalized continuum framework for the theory of solute transport in fluids is proposed and systematically developed. This framework rests on the introduction of a generic force balance for the solute, a balance distinct from the macroscopic momentum balance associated with the mixture. Special forms of such a force balance have been proposed and used going back at least as far as Nernst's 1888 theory of diffusion. Under certain circumstances, this force balance yields a Fickian constitutive relation for the diffusive solute flux, and, in conjunction with the solute mass balance, provides a generalized Smoluchowski equation for the mass fraction. Our format furnishes a systematic procedure for generalizing convection-diffusion models of solute transport, allowing for constitutive nonlinearities, external forces acting on the diffusing constituents, and coupling between convection and diffusion.

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